Lik Sprava

[The pathomorphological characteristics of duodenal peptic ulcer in the victims of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station: changes in the gastric mucosa]

Year 1998
Degtiareva LV. Moroz GZ.
No information.
Gastrobiopsies were studied from patients with duodenal ulcer, 62 of whom took part in the elimination of the effects of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant breakdown, 33 were permanent residents in the territories affected by radioactive contamination, and 36 formed the control group. Several distinguishing features were noted in chronic Helicobacter gastritis in victims of Chernobyl accident versus control, such as higher degree and activity of the inflammatory process spreading over large tissue areas, with Helicobacter pylori being recordable in the gastric mucosa in highly increased numbers, and more frequent occurrence of atrophic changes. Incorporation of radionuclides and external irradiation at dose levels exceeding 25 cause most significant disturbances in regeneration of epithelium, with its enterolyzation and dysplasia going on, which fact makes the risk of neoplastic transformations higher.

[The pathomorphological characteristics of duodenal peptic ulcer in the victims of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station: changes in the duodenal mucosa outside of the defect]

Year 1998
Degtiareva LV. Moroz GZ.
No information.
A study was made of duodenobiopsies from patients with duodenal ulcer, 62 of whom took part in the elimination of the effects of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident, 33 have been resident in the territories affected by radioactive contamination, and 36 were a group of nosological control. In the ChNPP accident victims, the inflammatory process in chronic duodenitis tended to be more pronounced and active, with the atrophic changes in the mucous membrane being more commonly seen. Incorporation of radionuclides and external irradiation in a dose exceeding 25 sGy causes most profound disturbances in regeneration of epithelium entailing metaplasia and dysplasia of gastric epithelium in duodenum, which facts heighten the risk for neoplasmogenesis.

[The tonus of Oddis sphincter and gallbladder contractility in patients with chronic cholecystitis]

Year 1998
Skorokhodov DIu. Lykhovskii OI. Sapozhnikov AR.
No information.
As many as 163 young male patients with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis were studied for motility of the biliary tract. Normal findings were in 15.9% of cases. Hypocontractility of the gallbladder, hypermyotonia of the Oddi sphincter (with 33.7% and 44.2% respectively), and concurrent presence thereof were the most commonly seen types of dyskinesia. The results obtained suggest that the above abnormalities in motility of the biliary tract may have a part in the origination and/or progression of chronic cholecystitis.

[Lipid peroxidation in patients with chronic gastritis]

Year 1998
Postavnyi VE.
No information.
Activity was studied of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in 50 patients with chronic antral gastritis (ChAG) in the phase of exacerbation. Accumulation of products of the oxidation reaction such as conjugated dienes and trienes, tetraenes, together with the total content of oxidated compounds commonly named as oxodienic conjugates indicated LPO activity. A conclusion was reached to the effect that in ChAG during the phase of exacerbation there takes place an activation of LPO in the mucous membrane. A trigger element involving this mechanism of injury is thought to be destructive action of factors of virulence of Helicobacter infection on the epitheliocyte cellular membrane. If the cell antioxidant defence is capable of keeping the LPO processes on a certain increased level the lesion evolves mainly through general degenerative alterations in the gastric epithelium leading to atrophy of the mucous membrane, necessitating supplementing ChAG metabolic therapy at its early stages with cytoprotectors capable of suppressing Helicobacter infection, as well as antioxidants, stimulants of the protein-synthetizing processes, drug preparations improving the microcirculation.

[The screening of immune donors in organized collectives]

Year 1998
Stepanchuk VA.
No information.
Use of blood of reconvalescents from infectious diseases along with screening of blood from non-immunized donors permits procuring new sources of immune blood preparations with high content of specific antibodies (keeping strictly to the existing normative-instructional documents on donorship). Screening of immune donors in military collective bodies is a worth-while exercise both in medical and organizational respects owing to the contingents being homogeneous in sex, age and physiologic status.

[The characteristics of the DIC syndrome in gastrointestinal hemorrhages]

Year 1998
Beliaev AV.
No information.
With the purpose of assessing the part DIC syndrome has in hemorrhage, blood coagulation system was studied in patients presenting with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Thrombin, a blood coagulation IIa factor, which is one of the chief markers of DIC syndrome, has been found in great amounts in blood in 50% of cases. But this did not lead to disseminated transformation of fibrinogen to fibrin because of the action of the inhibitor of coagulation during the stage of activation of fibrinogen by thrombin. Antithrombin III had but a minor part in these processes. It is suggested that rise in concentration of thrombin that is not accompanied by formation of disseminated fibrin might be of compensatory and adaptive significance. Another characteristic of blood coagulation system in the patients is depressed plasminolysis, while increase, against this background, in concentration of products of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation that is most common, reflects disturbance in the processes of their elimination from the bloodstream.

[An assessment of the prognostic criteria for early recurrences of peptic hemorrhage]

Year 1998
Kozlov SN.
No information.
The proposed prognostic system involves multivariate (step-by-step discriminatory) analysis allowing the risk for the coming early recurrent ulcerous bleedings to be assessed to an accuracy of 84%. Depending on the degree of the risk there have been identified three groups of patients: those of minimum, high and extremely high risk of recurrence of bleeding. The selection algorithm for time of surgical treatment of patients with acutely bleeding pyloroduodenal ulcers takes account of emergency operations (within 24 hours) for patients in the high and extremely high risk groups, allowing the specific weight of interventions at the height of the recurrent bleeding to be reduced from 31% to 14%.

[The correction of the immune and microcirculatory disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis of alcoholic and viral etiologies]

Year 1998
Skalyga IM. Petrunia AM.
No information.
156 patients with chronic alcoholism revealed chronic liver lesions of alcoholic and viral genesis as evidenced by comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation. All examinees had significant immune and microhaemocirculatory disorders. Employment of antral in the complex therapy of 82 patients with chronic hepatitis (ChH) of viral and alcoholic genesis made for improvement of immunologic and microcirculatory indices, which fact permits recommending the drug in a complex of therapeutic measures to be instituted in ChH patients.

[Computed tomography in the diagnosis of digestive tract tumors]

Year 1998
Babii IaS. Momot NV.
No information.
As many as 616 patients with malignant tumours of the alimentary canal were studied by CT tomography using different contrast mediums and methodical approaches toward identifying the site of the tumour. Based on the comparison of the results obtained from pathomorphologic findings and those from the surgical intervention, CT semiotics has been developed of tumours, criteria established to determine the depth of the tumour invasion and extra-wall spread of the tumour CT potentialities were verified in the diagnosis of metastatic involvement of regional lymph nodes and remote organs as was the role of the method in selection of a specific therapeutic alternative.

[The use of mountain air therapy for the correction of acid formation in patients with hypo- and hyperacidic syndromes]

Year 1998
Berezovskii VA. Dynnik OB. Strokina IG.
No information.
Changes were studied in intragastric pH with the aid of micromethods of topo-pH-metry in 46 patients presenting with hypo- and hyperacidic syndrome exposed to artificial mountain air (AMA) therapy. The gas mixture containing 14% oxygen was formed by using molecular sieves. AMA was found out to have a significant sanogenic effect: it makes for acid production in patients with hypoacidic syndrome and reduces the above production in those patients presenting with hyperacidic syndrome AMA therapy administered along with the judicious employment of blockers, Hs-histamine receptors will, we believe, help in alleviating and dispelling the withdrawal syndrome.