Cesk Patol

[Detection of point mutations on the Ki-ras gene using the PCR technique]

Year 1998
Janda J. Krechler T. Dufek V. Klener P.
I. interni klinika 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha.
Present study was undertaken to detect Ki-ras point mutation at codon 12 in pancreatic adenocarcinomas (CaP) using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengths polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Three modifications of PCR-RFLP were performed with a mismatched primers creating a recognition site with only one allelic from (wild or mutated). Using two-step PCR-RFLP and two modifications of one-step PCR-RFLP we examined 5 resected adenocarcinomas of pancreas, 6 pancreatic juices and one DNA sample from peripheral blood of patient with generalized stadium of CaP. We compare all techniques and conclude, that the very sensitive two step PCR-RFLP is a suitable method for detection point mutations and eliminates the need for either oligonucleotide hybridization or DNA sequencing.

[A bizarre inflammatory polyposis of the colon in chronic ulcerative proctocolitis]

Year 1998
Mandys V. Lukas M. Vernerova Z.
Laborator bunecne patologie, Ustav experimentalni mediciny AVCR, Praha.
A case report of a young patient (born in 1980) with a 2-year history of chronic ulcerative proctocolitis was described. Checking colonoscopy 6 months from the beginning of disease showed multiple and even confluent polypoid lesions in transverse gut starting from hepatic flexure in addition to diffuse inflammatory rectosigmoideal changes. Biopsy found only colic mucosa without any tumorous structures. Five months later the patient's state got worse accompanied instantly by vomiting, weight loss and malabsorption symptoms. A duodenocolic fistula was supposed according to gastroduodenoscopy and biopsy. Because of progressive suffering of the patient colectomy with ileoduodenoanastomosis and ileosigmoidoanastomosis was performed. Polypous lesions were observed from the blind gut up to descendent colon and a transversoduodenal fistula was proved. The removed part of gut was completely changed into a dense network of elongated polypous lesions. In microscopy, bigger polyps showed an inner stromal part often with bands of smooth muscle cells covered by nearly normal gut mucosa. Smaller polyps were formed by hypertrophic gut mucosa only. At the base of polyps, a stagnation of gut contents was found as well as ulcerous defects of various depth. Macroscopy and microscopy of polypoid lesions formed by non-neoplastic gut mucosa were those of so called bizzare ("giant") inflammatory polyposis of the gut. Up to now the patient's clinical picture and local finding in the stump of resected gut have been typical for chronic ulcerous colitis and polypous lesions were not revealed by checking investigations.